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56 pages 1 hour read

Xiran Jay Zhao

Iron Widow

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2021

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Prologue-Part 1, Chapter 9Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “Way of the Fox”

Prologue Summary

The Prologue introduces Yang Guang, the ace pilot of the Nine-Tailed Fox as he battles a group of Hunduns to protect Huaxia. The Nine-Tailed Fox is a gargantuan mecha-fox made out of the metallic corpses of the alien invader Hunduns. The mechas such as the Nine-Tailed Fox are called Chrysalises and are piloted by a duo of pilots, always one boy and one girl. The boy sits in the yang seat and the girl sits in the lower yin seat. Guang uses his qi to pilot the Chrysalis, a magical force that is inherent in everything. Qi comes in five varieties: Earth, Wood, Water, Fire, and Metal, each with its own distinctive traits, advantages, and weaknesses to one another. A pilot’s qi type determines the typing of their Chrysalis, mirroring the strengths and weaknesses of the qi itself.

Yang Guang fights beside the pilot of the Xing Tian Chrysalis, a legendary headless warrior of Chinese mythology with a face on his chest and abdomen. As Yang Guang tears through the Hunduns, he experiences their emotions when the Chrysalis makes contact with the Hunduns. A prince-class Hundun, one larger and more powerful than the common classes, appears in the fray. Such a powerful Hundun, if killed cleanly, can be turned into a prince-class Chrysalis or otherwise offered up to the gods. The gods demand Hundun corpses and in return gift the Huaxians with technology and schematics to improve their society and fend off the Hunduns. In order to fight the prince-class, Yang Guang must transform the Fox into its Ascended Form. Doing so requires drawing more energy from his concubine-pilot, which kills her.

Cameras broadcast the spectacle of the fight to Huaxian commoners across the country. The battles between the Chrysalises and Hunduns are treated as entertainment for the masses while also instilling in them a sense of national pride. Yang Guang remarks that he does not know the name of his co-pilot because concubine-pilots are expected to readily die in battle for moments such as this, and most of them rarely last more than a few deployments with their male pilots. He believes that her sacrifice is worth bringing down the prince-class Hundun and obtaining the advantages that converting its corpse to a weapon will bring.

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary: “A Butterfly That Better Not Be My Dead Sister”

Chapter 1 introduces Wu Zetian, an 18-year-old peasant girl from the Sui-Tang province of Huaxia. Once a month, she sneaks off to the woods to meet Gao Yizhi, the 18-year-old son of the richest man in Huaxia, Gao Qiu. Yizhi teaches Zetian how to read and lets her use his internet-connected tablet, which women are usually forbidden to access. Zetian gets Yizhi to pluck her monobrow under the pretense that she wants to look conventionally attractive. Unbeknownst to Yizhi, Wu Zetian’s plan is to become a concubine-pilot for Yang Guang to exact revenge for the death of her only sister, Ruyi, who also served as a concubine-pilot for Guang and died under suspicious circumstances. Zetian plans on getting her family to sell her off as a concubine-pilot for Guang so she can murder him in his sleep.

As Yizhi plucks her eyebrows, the two witness a butterfly emerging from its chrysalis. This particular butterfly is a species where the males have black wings with white dots (yang) and the females have white wings with black dots (yin). This butterfly has one of each kind of wing, and Yizhi explains that it is intersex, neither male nor female. Zetian wonders how that may apply to humans and how the piloting system might work for such a person. She wishes she were like the butterfly and not labeled female. Ultimately, Zetian cannot keep up her ruse and tells Yizhi the truth about her plans. Before Yizhi can stop her, she flees, believing she will never see him again.

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary: “Like Water Hurled Out the Door”

After her meeting with Yizhi, Zetian walks home with difficulty, as her feet have been bound since childhood: a common practice for frontier girls who wish to become a concubine-pilot or attract a man who can take care of them. Those who do not bind their feet are considered crude and barbarous, like the Rongdi nomads that the Huaxians despise. As a member of a frontier family, Zetian has met plenty of Rongdi and admires Rongdi women. Zetian’s family is originally from the Zhou province beyond Sui-Tang. Two centuries ago, Zhou fell to the Hunduns, and the Zhou people fled to the Sui-Tang province. Zhou is now home to both Rongdi nomads and Hunduns.

Zetian walks past rice fields tended by men on her way home. Although she expects to be harassed by them as a lone woman with a disability, they are too distracted by watching a Chrysalis fight on their tablets to notice as Zetian’s cane breaks and she tumbles into the mud. She fantasizes about piloting a Chrysalis and being free of her disability. When Zetian returns home, the men in her family are watching the battle. She sees the Vermillion Bird, piloted by the convict-turned-pilot Li Shimin, in the fray.

Zetian is set to be sold off to the army in the morning. Her father is worried about her virginity because if she cannot pass a “maidenhood test” then she cannot become a concubine-pilot (31). Zetian explodes with rage because her family does not care about the danger she is entering into as a concubine-pilot but instead seems to care only about respectability and following tradition. Zetian’s treachery will likely get her entire family executed after she kills Yang Guang, but after this incident with her father, she no longer feels guilty about their potential deaths.

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary: “The Life You Want”

The next day before the hovercraft comes to take Zetian away, Yizhi arrives unannounced at her home. Zetian’s parents have never met him before and do not recognize him. Yizhi tries to buy Zetian as a bride to save her from what he thinks is a suicide plan. Zetian drags Yizhi into a private conversation away from her family and informs him that their relationship can never work out because she would never give him children like Yizhi’s father would demand, and Yizhi is worth more as a political tool. His father would never let Yizhi squander his political worth by marrying a peasant girl. Zetian kisses him for the first time and leaves him with her confused family as she gets on the hovercraft.

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary: “Ready to Serve”

Zetian is taken to the Great Wall, the defensive perimeter of the Sui-Tang frontier that faces out toward the Zhou province. She is tested to gauge her spirit pressure, alongside several other potential concubine-pilots. Spirit pressure is a measure of one’s ability to exert qi, which is used to pilot the Chrysalises. Zetian discovers she has a spirit pressure of 624, which is remarkable because only three percent of people surpass 500. If Zetian were a boy, she would immediately be made a pilot. Instead, she is appointed as a full-fledged consort to Yang Guang, a step above concubine-pilot.

Auntie Dou, the woman who tests and inspects the potential concubines, tells Zetian that she lives to serve and please Yang Guang so that he can dedicate himself to the war effort. As Zetian waits for the testing to be over, another girl named Xiao Shufei comments on the out-of-place hairpin in her elaborate outfit. Zetian’s hairpin was a gift from Ruyi, and Zetian has fashioned it into a hidden stiletto dagger with which she plans to kill Yang Guang. Zetian panics when the other girl snatches her hairpin, and Yang Guang enters the room, stopping the imminent fight between the two.

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary: “Fatal Mistake”

Guang, like most pilots, wears spirit metal armor attached to his spine through small needles. The spirit metal armor gives him a small fraction of his Chrysalis power outside of the Chrysalis and lets him channel his qi more easily. Zetian manages to retrieve her hairpin as she notices the two-tiered crown Guang wears. Pilots wear two interlocking crowns as a symbol of the Balanced Match they might one day meet. (A Balanced Match occurs when a female pilot is matched with a male one and can withstand his spirit pressure to stay alive through battles. If this rare match occurs, one of the two crowns is given to the female pilot in a Crowning Ceremony, a special marriage arrangement.)

Guang is pleased with Zetian’s unusually high spirit pressure, and Zetian accompanies him back to his lofty apartments above the Great Wall, a vantage point that gives him immediate access to the Nine-Tailed Fox, should Hunduns suddenly attack. Zetian begins to doubt her plan for revenge as she finds herself unexpectedly attracted to Guang and his seemingly harmless demeanor. Despite her moment of indecision, Zetian resolves to seduce Guang in order to manipulate him into taking off his armor and giving her a chance to execute him, but as he takes her to his bedroom, the Hunduns attack.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary: “Let’s Dance”

Zetian is unprepared to pilot the Chrysalis with Guang and tries to flee, believing she will die like every other girl once inside the Chrysalis. Guang assaults and restrains her, then strips her nude. He drags her into the Chrysalis and forces her into the yin seat and the spirit metal armor that awaits her.

Part 1, Chapter 7 Summary: “Into the Jungle”

Struggling to remember who and where she is, Zetian awakens in a jungle with a child crying in the distance and feels compelled to seek out the child and comfort him. As Zetian comes to her senses, she notices that the jungle is teeming with fruits. Touching them, she relives Guang’s memories and watches as he physically abuses, torments, and violates other women. Every line and disarming charm he used on Zetian to cause her to doubt herself has been used on other women, all of whom Guang has killed. Zetian finds the crying child and discovers it is a child-version of Guang. Enraged, she kills the child.

After murdering the child-version of Guang, Zetian is dragged into the shared consciousness space of co-pilots. This world is comprised of a circular floor with the yin-yang symbol on it. As Zetian rifles through Guang’s thoughts, he looks through hers and discovers her plan to kill him. Guang attempts to subjugate and restrain Zetian in their shared consciousness, but Zetian uses her Metal-based qi to overpower his Wood-based qi before murdering him in the yin-yang realm. Doing so kills him in reality and gives her full control of the Nine-Tailed Fox.

Part 1, Chapter 8 Summary: “Welcome to Your Nightmare”

Zetian struggles to learn how to control the Nine-Tailed Fox in the midst of battle. While piloting a Chrysalis, pilots join with the Chrysalis itself and lose all consciousness of their physical human bodies. The other Chrysalis pilots realize that something is wrong as Zetian slowly gains control of her avatar. For the first time, Zetian can walk as the Fox without experiencing pain in her feet, and she pushes the Fox to its Heroic Form. Resembling a humanoid that seems to be a costumed version of the Chrysalis’s animal form, a Heroic Form requires an immense amount of spirit pressure to manifest and is normally only achieved through the joined energy of a Balanced Match. Zetian takes on a duke-class Hundun by herself so that the other Chrysalis pilots will not need to exert themselves and thus will not run the risk of killing their concubine-pilots.

After the battle, Zetian passes out briefly, and when she regains consciousness, she is once again in her own human body. She realizes that Guang is dead and that the dormant Nine-Tailed Fox is surrounded by cameras and other Chrysalises who are worried about Yang Guang. Zetian emerges from the Chrysalis with Guang’s body as a trophy that she proudly displays to all of Huaxia. Zetian proclaims that Huaxia has been “living a dream long enough” and welcomes Huaxia to “their nightmare” (80).

Part 1, Chapter 9 Summary: “Strongest of Them All”

Zetian is dragged to Kaihuang Tower, the central command space for the Sui-Tang frontier on the Great Wall, and despite her small size and physical disability, all of the male military personnel are clearly afraid of her, causing Zetian to relish this new power that she has gained over the men of her society.

The pilots drag her into a teleconference with Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi, two strategists from the central command of Huaxia’s military, who grill her over the events that led to Guang’s death and determine that she is an Iron Widow, a woman capable of overpowering and killing her male pilot. Liang and Yi leave the call temporarily to report to the other strategists and the Sages, the council of men that rule Huaxia from the capital city of Chang’an. Liang and Yi return shortly afterward to inform Zetian that she will be partnered with Li Shimin, the pilot of the Vermillion Bird.

Prologue-Part 1, Chapter 9 Analysis

Zhao uses Part 1 to build this complex world with extensive exposition and spark Zetian’s journey with the inciting incident of Yang Guang’s death. Huaxia is quickly established as a gender-based dystopia through a panorama of small yet significant details that emphasize the restrictions that govern Zetian’s life as a peasant. From her lack of internet access to her deliberately mutilated feet, to her father being more concerned with her virginity than her safety, it becomes clear that Huaxia is a place where the only qualities valued in a woman are those that are useful to men’s social standing and personal pleasure. This attitude affects even the titles women are given, for when Wu Zetian leaves her village for her new life, she becomes not a pilot in her own right, but a “concubine-pilot.” She is firstly a concubine, with her status as a pilot taking second place, a convention designed to suggest that her role as a concubine holds much greater value to the men who dictate her life.

The theme of The Cost of Revenge features prominently in this section as Wu Zetian plans to kill one of the most valuable men in Huaxia. Yang Guang’s usefulness to the Huaxian colonizing efforts means that killing him will result in three generations of Zetian’s family being executed, and Zetian struggles with her conscience over this heavy price for her revenge, as evidenced by her internal plea for her mother to give her a reason to not condemn them all to execution. Despite Zetian’s disdain for her family, she cares for the people that have raised her and desires another path to justice that does not involve revenge. The costs for Zetian’s revenge escalate when she finally meets Yang Guang and realizes she may have to sleep with him in order to successfully execute her plan. Zetian finds the idea of sleeping with Yang Guang difficult not only because he murdered her sister, but because she has been taught that having sex will devalue her. As Zetian pursues her revenge, the costs pile up, and every step of her plan demands more of her. Zetian’s increasing pessimism over the course of the novel reflects these escalating costs.

Part 1 foreshadows many of the twists revealed in Parts 3 and 4. When Zetian and Yizhi witness the butterfly emerging from its chrysalis, Zetian uses Yizhi’s tablet to try to learn why the women pilots have to be sacrificed and is met with an ominous message stating that the tablet doesn’t have the clearance to access this information. This fact hints at the artificial difference in the Chrysalis pilot seats and the larger conspiracy of the Huaxian government to keep this fact from the populace. Likewise, when the strategists call Zetian an “Iron Widow,” the ready-made label suggests that there have been many Iron Widows before, yet the public has never heard of them, and the hidden history of Iron Widows foreshadows the government’s attempts to assassinate, cover up, and otherwise manipulate Zetian to preserve the illusion of male superiority in Huaxian culture.

Part 1 also introduces the connection between Huaxia as a colony that terrorizes the Hunduns and Huaxia as a patriarchal society that terrorizes women, thus laying the groundwork for the eventual philosophical connection between the oppressed Huaxian women and the exploited Hundun beings. The Chrysalises correspondingly function as an allegory that illustrates how women’s bodies are used as fuel for a colonizing war force while being fully unaware of their roles. Women in Huaxia are merely fuel for the larger machine of society, and this holds true whether they sacrifice their own lives to become literal batteries for male pilots, or whether they sacrifice their energy and time to run the farming villages that provide the supplies (and the soldiers) to fuel the Huaxian war machine. Thus the revelation of Huaxia’s true colonial nature in the Epilogue renders every character who contributes to Huaxian society complicit in the country’s covert mission to subject the Hunduns to genocide.

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