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Rainer Maria RilkeA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Throughout Rilke’s letters to Kappus, he frequently espouses patience as a virtue worth pursuing. In the correspondence, the image of Kappus that emerges is of a young individual at once uncertain about himself and yet eager to launch into life. Rilke encourages avoiding rash action, and instead focusing on slowly developing his artistic sensibility: “Consider yourself and your feeling right every time with regard to every such argumentation, discussion or introduction; if you are wrong after all, the natural growth of your inner life will lead you slowly and with time to other insights” (23). One cannot rush the growth of their personality, artistic voice, and worldview, but must instead grant it the necessary time, all the while attending to one’s interior responsiveness to all experience.
Rilke paints a picture of an artist’s life that involves stillness as much as it involves active creation. Rilke writes that “being an artist means, not reckoning and counting, but ripening like the tree which does not force its sap […] patience is everything!” (24). For an artist, patience is among the cardinal cultivable qualities, and it is only after forborne maturation that one can eventually produce good and lasting works of art, poetic or otherwise. As the correspondence continues, this notion of patience extends beyond its initial artistic meaning and becomes a general quality that all should aspire to in life. In his final letter to Kappus, Rilke writes that he hopes Kappus is “confidently and patiently letting that lofty solitude work upon you,” believing that it is only through patiently embracing his circumstances that Kappus will understand himself (57).
If one hopes to patiently cultivate their inner self, as Rilke feels is essential, then there is no better opportunity than that of solitude. Feelings of solitariness and loneliness are frequently discussed throughout Rilke’s letters, and it becomes quickly apparent to the reader that Kappus has been struggling with feeling isolated both at the military academy and during his subsequent work as a military officer. Rilke (who struggled similarly during his time living in Paris) recognizes the difficulty of such periodic solitude. In his sixth letter, he writes that all forms of solitude “[are] great, and not easy to bear” (35).
Further, these experiences of solitude can be so painful that individuals would readily fling themselves at whatever form of relationship or companionship they could find, even if that person was someone they wouldn’t typically like. However, Rilke admonishes Kappus to avoid this indiscriminate friendship, and instead embrace his solitude, however difficult. Solitude is good for Kappus precisely because it is difficult, a moment “when something new has entered into us, something unknown,” and facilitating great transformation (48). Rilke ultimately believes that this period of intense loneliness will allow Kappus to better discover his true self, his desires, and beliefs, thereby allowing him to form authentic future relationships.
Most of Rilke’s letters focus on the individual journey toward growth, whether artistic or otherwise. However, Rilke discusses relationships, particularly romantic and sexual, in several instances. Love with another person, he writes, is among the most core human experiences. Yet, such love does not come easily and is instead one of “the most difficult of all our tasks, the ultimate, the last test and proof, the work for which all other work is but preparation” (41). To fully love someone else, a person must have already endured a process of deep self-interrogation, learning how “to become world” so as “to become world for himself for another’s sake” (41). Rather than cultivate their interior life, most young people, in Rilke’s opinion, avoid the solitude that such growth requires. Instead, they seek out romantic relationships before they are ready, falling into one of society’s conventional relationship structures (such as marriage). As a result, Rilke argues, these individuals fail to truly, selflessly love each other. Rilke thus consoles Kappus by telling him that this long period of isolation is only preparation for an eventual, inevitable great love.
By Rainer Maria Rilke