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49 pages 1 hour read

Katherine Marsh

Nowhere Boy

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2018

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Chapters 1-13Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: This section discusses xenophobia, racism, and Islamophobia and depicts images of war, discrimination, and violence.

During a storm on the Aegean Sea, 14-year-old Ahmed Nasser and his father, Baba, along with other refugees are attempting to reach the Greek island of Lesbos. When their boat’s motor dies, a group of men, led by Baba, jump into the water and pull the boat through the worst of the storm. However, after a powerful wave sweeps over the dinghy, Baba never resurfaces. Ahmed is left with his great-grandfather’s Omega Seamaster watch, which Baba had put onto his son’s wrist just before entering the sea.

Chapter 2 Summary

In Brussels, Max Howard’s parents tell him that they are sending him to a French-speaking school for the year, even though he does not speak French. His older sister, Claire, tells him that he will be repeating sixth grade because of his difficulty with school. Max feels upset and homesick, wishing he could be back in Washington, DC, with his friends.

Chapter 3 Summary

Ahmed has been staying in a tent in a Red Cross camp set up for refugees in Brussels’s Parc Maximilien with Ibrahim Malaki, who had promised Baba that he would take care of his son, and Ibrahim’s family. When the Belgian Office of Foreigners refuses to grant refugee status to Ibrahim and his family, Ibrahim tells Ahmed that they are going to stay in a neighborhood called Molenbeek while they appeal the office’s decision. Because Ahmed’s Syrian nationality makes him a more promising candidate for refugee status than the Malakis, who are from Iraq, Ibrahim and his wife tell Ahmed that he needs to go to a reception center for unaccompanied minors. Ibrahim promises to help Ahmed if he needs it, but Ahmed feels nervous because he only has a forged passport to prove that he is Syrian, and he worries that he will not be able to apply for asylum in England, which is where he and his father were planning to settle since they both learned English. He knows that if he can make it to Calais, he can find a smuggler to drive him through the tunnel to England. Ahmed stares at his father’s watch and wonders what to do.

Chapter 4 Summary

On the first day of school, Max feels overwhelmed by the flood of parents and students speaking French. In class, Max has trouble keeping up with Madame Legrand’s French, so he follows whatever Farah, the girl in front of him, does. Max panics because he cannot get his fountain pen to work. He catches the eye of a boy behind him, who motions for Max to press down on the nib of the pen. Max feels relieved, but then the pen explodes all over his hands and desk. The boy laughs at him. At recess, Max tries to play soccer with the other boys but misses a pass, and the boy who laughed at him earlier, whose name is Oscar, hits Max in the face with the soccer ball.

Chapter 5 Summary

Ahmed decides to pay a smuggler to take him to Calais, where he can cross to England. In the middle of the night, Ahmed leaves a note for Ibrahim and sneaks out of the tent to meet Ermir, the smuggler. Ermir takes Ahmed’s phone and asks for even more money. When Ahmed refuses, the smuggler attempts to take the Omega Seamaster watch and attacks the boy. Ahmed jumps out of the van and runs away. Finding himself alone in a residential area, he makes his way into a house through the unlocked patio door and finds an abandoned wine cellar, where he decides to spend the night.

Chapter 6 Summary

Max works on his homework with Madame Pauline, his tutor. A police officer comes to the door and introduces himself as Inspector Fontaine. He tells Max that he is there to “make sure there are no illegals” in the house (38). Inspector Fontaine and Madame Pauline complain about “those Muslims” who keep coming into the country, but Max does not understand why they are so upset. Fontaine tells Max that his grandfather used to own the house they are staying in and tells Max that his parents need to hire a gardener.

Chapter 7 Summary

Ahmed stays in the cellar for a few days, suffering from a fever. During this time, he hears the Howards going about their business upstairs, and he finds a row of potted, dying orchids in one of the windowsills. When he has recovered enough to feel hungry, Ahmed goes upstairs while the family is asleep. Ahmed feels guilty about taking food, so he makes a list of everything he takes, hoping that someday he will be able to pay the family back. Ahmed goes back out to check on the orchids and thinks of his grandfather, who cared for sick plants in his nursery. Deciding that the orchids need help, he prunes and waters them before setting them back in the windowsill. The next morning, Ahmed waits for the family to leave. He takes more food and listens to the sounds of children playing in the street. Ahmed realizes that he does not want to leave yet.

Chapter 8 Summary

Max’s parents fight over small issues, such as a toilet seat left up and the disappearance of the last banana. Claire tells Max that his parents are fighting because they are worried about him. At school, Max gets a low score on his spelling test. Madame Legrand asks Farah to go over the test with Max, which helps because Farah is kind and encouraging. After school, Madame Pauline tells him that she convinced his parents to sign him up for the Scouts. Max is dismayed to find out that Oscar is in his troop.

Chapter 9 Summary

After staying in the cellar for several weeks, Ahmed develops a daily routine to pass the time. He talks to the orchids to keep himself company, telling them about his sisters, Nouri and Jasmine. Reflecting on the conditions in Calais, Ahmed wonders if he can stay in the cellar longer since he enjoys the feeling of safety.

Chapter 10 Summary

At Scouts, Oscar mocks Max’s French, and the troop laughs at him. When his father picks him up, Max asks him why they cannot go home to America. Max’s father tells him that he needs to stay in Brussels for work. Later, Madame Pauline tells Max about the namesake of the street the Howards live on, Albert Jonnart. Jonnart, a member of the Belgian Resistance during World War II, aided his Jewish neighbors and even hid a Jewish boy, Ralph Mayer, in his house. The Gestapo discovered Jonnart’s actions and took him to a labor camp, where he died.

Chapter 11 Summary

The next day, Ahmed finds a spare key to the house. He takes some coins from around the house and buys food and a soccer magazine for himself. Ahmed tears out pictures from the soccer magazine and tapes them to the cellar wall, along with images from discarded magazines in the Howards’ recycling bin. One of those images shows a painting of a man with a birdcage where his body should be. When the Howards take a longer trip in early November, Ahmed uses their kitchen to attempt to make his favorite dish, but it doesn’t turn out the way it did when his mother made it. Ahmed is relieved when the family comes back.

Chapter 12 Summary

One night, Max hears his parents arguing quietly in their room. He realizes they are talking about his difficulty acclimating to the French school. Unable to fall asleep in his room, Max goes downstairs and sits on the couch in the dark. Just as he starts to drift off, he hears a slam from the basement. Max goes downstairs to investigate but sees only the cat. However, he notices that the boxes around the cellar seem to have been disturbed. Overcome by curiosity, Max opens the door.

Chapter 13 Summary

Ahmed hears the cellar door opening and scrambles to pick up the blanket. He hides inside an alcove in the wall. He sees a flashlight moving over the room. Ahmed covers himself with the blanket and hopes the person will not find him.

Chapters 1-13 Analysis

This section introduces the theme of the Challenges and Resilience of Refugees in the chapters that deal with Ahmed’s experience. As an unaccompanied minor with forged identity papers, Ahmed’s options are limited. Early on, for example, he has to decide whether to report to a reception center, “little more than human pens where refugees were crowded together, given expired food, and hollered at by impatient guards” (16), or pay a smuggler in an attempt to reach Calais and go to England from there. Ahmed is aware that many Europeans regard him as a threat, seeing his face as not “the face of a boy, but of a sullen young man, a possible terrorist” (17). Ahmed’s speculations about what people might think of him, based only on his religion and his appearance, are supported by Max’s conversations with Madame Pauline. Even before the two boys come face to face, Max experiences discomfort with his tutor’s attitude toward the refugees currently in Brussels. In her view, which she shares with Inspector Fontaine, “the Syrians, the Iraqis, the Afghanis […] They’re flooding Europe. It’s worse than the Africans. They don’t want to fit in” (38). Although she is clearly proud of the actions of Belgians like Albert Jonnart during the Holocaust, Madame Pauline does not imagine that present-day refugees deserve similar protections.

Ahmed sees the world as hostile and dangerous, preferring to remain on the margins of the Howard family home rather than trust other people. No one sees him for what he is: a frightened boy who has lost his family. However, he remains resilient in the face of his fear and grief. When Ahmed sees a picture of Max and his father in the house, “the protective way the father embrace[s] the boy ma[kes] Ahmed miss his own father so much he ha[s] to turn away” (44). To cope with his loneliness, Ahmed decides to care for the dying orchids that he finds, which becomes a motif for safety and belonging. Ahmed remembers that his grandfather told him that orchids often die because “[p]eople give up on them too soon” (45). Ahmed connects the orchid’s experience to his own because he feels like the world has given up on him. However, when Ahmed hears children playing at Max’s school the next day, he feels less alone because the sound is “the same sound in every language” (46). The sounds of children playing, along with his dedication to the orchids, make Ahmed feel safe and want to stay in the comfort of Max’s home while he recovers from his experiences. Although he has continually planned for his next destination for months, he does not want to do that right now because he “[feels] safer being nowhere” (47)—a reminder that he is the “nowhere boy” of the novel’s title.

While Max, as an American expatriate, lacks direct experience of the kinds of struggles Ahmed faces, he nonetheless develops a sense of The Importance of Empathy in Global Issues. He is uncomfortable with the way that Madame Pauline and Inspector Fontaine talk about “those Muslims” and “illegals” and is deeply affected by the story of Jonnart and Mayer (38). Max connects the struggles of the refugees to the experiences of Jonnart when the adults around him do not.

Max’s experiences at the French school introduce the concept of Friendship Across Cultural Divides. As an outsider who doesn’t speak French, Max needs the kindness of someone like Farah to help him navigate his everyday experience. Max’s sense of dislocation is heightened by Marsh’s use of untranslated, italicized French words. For example, at the first meeting of the Scouts, Oscar suggests that Max’s “spirit animal” should be a “[c]rapaud.” Not knowing that this is the French for “toad,” Max still feels the insult: “He had no idea what animal a crap-o was, but he was sure it wasn’t a compliment” (57). These moments of estrangement in the early chapters make the cross-cultural friendships Max develops later more meaningful.

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