59 pages • 1 hour read
Farley MowatA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
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Billy, the protagonist of the book, begins the story desperately wanting owls as pets. He is determined to get them, putting in time and energy to achieve his goal, and the intensity of his dedication demonstrates that when he puts his mind to something, he works hard to make it happen. While it may be coincidence that allows him to easily find the owls, it is clear from his tenacity that he would have found them one way or another. He approaches most things in his life this way: with the idea that nothing is impossible and that most problems are surmountable with effort and ingenuity.
Not only is Billy determined, but he is also knowledgeable about the animals in the natural environment that surrounds him. When he discusses the world outside, he often uses figurative language that creates a richer, more vivid setting. Not only do his descriptions make the natural world come alive, but they also reveal his sense of intimacy with the natural world and his eagerness to interact with it as often as possible. To further emphasize his love of the outdoors over the urban world, he frequently speaks of it using much more eloquent language than he applies to his descriptions of the city of Saskatoon or the rooms of his school. Additionally, Billy’s knowledge becomes most apparent whenever he describes the habits of birds or animals in a calm, matter-of-fact way, stating known information without qualification or hedging. For example, he does not “guess” or “suppose” that crows attack owls; he simply knows it to be true and says so. Coupled with his casual tone, Billy’s general knowledge of the animals and environment helps to establish him as a reliable first-person narrator. He speaks with authority on a wide variety of subjects and does not soften his language with suppositions or hypotheses, nor does he indulge in hyperbole or inflammatory language. Even when describing animal behavior that some people may find distressing, he is not often upset or angry, and his innate sense of calm creates the impression that he is merely relaying the events as they happened.
Using such techniques, Farley Mowat takes the time to establish Billy as a reliable narrator in order to promote the believability of the owls as near-human characters. Because Billy relays his stories of animal behavior with such authority, it is easy enough for readers to equally trust his judgments on why the owls behave as they do in any given situation. Thus, his arbitrary attribution of feelings, thoughts, and beliefs to the owls becomes all the more plausible, even when he seems to eschew facts in favor of his general impression. Billy’s attitude thus reflects Mowat’s own real-life assertion that he does not completely trust facts, which are not sufficient to create the stories that Billy’s experiences convey so vividly.
Wol is the first of the two great horned owls that Billy finds and keeps as pets. He is white with only a few black spots. His mother and siblings die in a storm, and Billy and his friends find him wet and hungry under a bush. From the moment they find him, he is a fighter. Though he is initially “shivering like a leaf” (22), he still manages to hiss and spread his wings when Billy first approaches him. Throughout the book, Wol continues to be the bolder of the two owls and is usually the one responsible for the chaos the boys find themselves in. He teaches himself to fly, scares the neighborhood animals and children, and does not back away from a fight. When crows attack him at Dundurn, he stands up to them, which leads to a whole host of problems. This and other actions throughout the story prove that Wol is stubborn, for in addition to having a fighting spirit, he will only eat specific foods and refuses to stay locked in his cage when he does not want to be. Yet despite these harsher aspects, he also has a softer side that is most clearly shown in his self-assumed role as Weeps’s protector. As soon as Weeps arrives, Wol protects him from everyone, even Billy initially. He also has a tender moment with Billy at the close of the book, leaning his head against the cage bars so that Billy can stroke him and tell him goodbye.
Not only is Wol strong, stubborn and independent, but he is also highly intelligent. When the boys first discover him, he quickly ascertains that Billy only wants to help. Once he has established himself as part of the family, he finds a myriad of ways to make his preferences known and does not stand for limitations on his freedom. For example, his determination to use brute force to escape his cage reflects both his inner will and his love for Billy, for he only escapes in order to be with the boy as often as possible. He also shows ingenuity when he rescues the boys from being bullied during a campout, for although he may not understand the finer nuances of the situation, his timing is perfect and cannot be overlooked as mere coincidence. Finally, when the family is at Dundurn, Wol steps out of the clearing in order to bring the crows out into the open. Billy first believes that this is just an accident, but his father tells him, “Wol knew what he was doing” (84), thus reinforcing the family’s belief in the owl’s perspicacity. Similarly, Wol teaches himself to fly out of sheer spite, seeming to find motivation in being laughed at, a human experience. Yet even with this seemingly human intelligence, Wol, at the close of the book, is unable to live free. He still lacks the ability to fend for himself in the world because he has spent his life as a valued member of a human family rather than in the wild.
Weeps is the smaller of the two great-horned owls that Billy keeps as pets. Billy finds Weeps when the owl is being assaulted by two kids from Saskatoon. At their first meeting, the owl is small and covered in oil and barely has the will to live. Billy believes that his spirit is broken, which he provides as the reason for Weeps’ quiet and timid nature. Accordingly, Weeps is apprehensive in most situations and does not like to venture out on his own. He has no desire to learn to fly, and unlike Wol, he is content to be carried from place to place. As a result, Billy does not have any issues with him trying to escape his cage or get into the house. Weeps does not often cause any trouble.
In addition to being the timid owl while Wol is the bold one, Weeps serves as a foil for Wol’s behavior in most ways. For example, while Wol is particular about what he eats, Weeps will eat almost anything. While Wol enjoys playing pranks on Mutt, stealing his food and pulling his tail, Weeps searches Mutt out to snuggle with him, often to the point that Mutt tries to hide. He rarely involves himself in the boys’ many shenanigans, letting Wol carry much of the blame for the trouble that occurs. If he is ever involved, it is merely because he happened to be there. Overall, the two owls are almost polar opposites in every respect, for if Weeps seems unusual in his fear of the world, Wol seems to be almost menacing in his bold approach. As the story progresses, the two birds begin to behave more and more like individual people, ultimately taking on almost human roles within Billy’s family, and everyone comes to treat them as such.
Bruce is Billy’s faithful sidekick. He supports Billy in all his endeavors, whether the goal is to get owls as pets or go canoeing in search of water birds. Throughout the novel, Bruce remains just as determined as Billy and always helps him take care of the owls. In fact, when the boys first find Wol, who begins to follow Billy home, Billy reminds Bruce, “[h]e can live at my place, but he’s going to be our owl” (24), a statement that serves to foreshadow Bruce’s willingness to accept responsibility for the owls at the end of the story. The two, along with a third friend, Murray, work together to create a good home for the owls, and although the boys frequently find themselves in the midst of adventures gone wrong, they always find a way out as well by working together.
Bruce and Billy begin the story as inseparable friends. The two boys vacation together and stay overnight in the cave together. Even their dogs spend time together. Eventually, though, Bruce’s family moves into even more remote territory in Saskatchewan to raise foxes. It is here that the owls eventually find a new home when Billy’s family moves to Toronto. In a full-circle moment, Billy makes good on his vow that the owls do belong to his friend as well as himself.
By Farley Mowat