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Ernst JungerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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In June, Jünger rejoins his regiment near Vraucourt, which is now far behind the front lines, but soon moves by lorry closer to the front. While living in a bombed-out crater, Jünger questions the war: “I felt that the purpose with which I had gone out to fight had been used up, and no longer held” (260). Everywhere is in ruins:“The main village street was lined with the debris of our recent stalled advance. Shot-up wagons, discarded munitions, rusty pistols and the outlines of half-decomposed horses, seen through fizzing clouds of dazzling flies, commented on the nullity of everything in battle” (263).
Following a week on the front line, both sides suffer from Spanish influenza. When the enemy penetrates the trenches, Jünger’s men are sent to stop them, which results in hand-to-fighting and the loss of one of Jünger’s men before the British are repelled. After clearing out another trench, and subsequently losing it to the British, Jünger retakes it again, but soon receives fire from his own artillery. While attempting to take the next trench, Jünger’s men are forced into a bottleneck by New Zealanders: “Later on, when I thought of the way the New Zealanders triumphantly ran up and forced our sections into that deadly bottleneck, it struck me that that was exactly what had happened on 2 Dec 1917 at Cambrai, but with roles reversed. We had looked into a mirror” (273). Jünger and his men, badly reduced in number, are forced to retreat.
“British Gains” shows the ebb and flow of battle. Several times Jünger takes a trench, only to see it abandoned. In one case, Jünger takes a section of trench where he sets up a machine gun platoon, and the spot is taken only a few hours later: “The platoon I’d left at the barricade came back in the afternoon. They had taken casualties, and not been able to hang on any longer” (267).
The chapter also describes a phenomenon that has occurred many times throughout the book: that of friendly fire. Jünger’s best platoon leader is killed by a shell from his own side, and shortly after, three others are also wounded. After sending back orders to cease and desist, the fire intensifies: “Instead of any form of reply, we had a still-heavier mortar, which turned the line into a complete shambles” (269). It also shows the beginning of the end the war. Jünger has begun questioning his own motives for continuing to fight; now he questions whether the German army can even continue fighting:
Their advances show how much the enemy’s strength was increasing, supplemented by drafts from every corner of the earth. We had fewer men to set against them, many were little more than boys, and we were short of equipment and training. It was all we could do to plug gaps with our bodies as the tide flooded in (273).