71 pages • 2 hours read
Bethany WigginsA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Fiona “Fo” Tarsis wakes in her bedroom, immediately disoriented because everything in her home is dirty and in ruins. She cannot understand why her classical music posters and first-place ribbons are faded; mirrors and windows are broken; the bathroom sink has no running water. She recalls her father saying goodnight to her just “a few nights ago” (3), but now the house is abandoned with no sign of her mother, father, older sister Lissa, or twin brother Jonah. She is shocked to see a much older version of herself in the bathroom mirror. In her last memories, she is 13, but she looks like an older teen now. She discovers a tattoo on the back of her hand: an oval with 10 lines, five on each side, resembling a 10-legged spider.
Some instinct tells her to “Conceal the mark” (4); with luck, she finds a tube of makeup concealer left by Lissa in a bathroom drawer. She covers the tattoo and pockets the tube. Then she hears footsteps on the stairs. When she peeks, she sees a wild, unkempt, violent young man smelling the carpet. Terrified, she locks the bathroom door, grabs a metal nail file, and barely escapes through the window as the man breaks in and claws for her. He grips her by the hair momentarily, and Fiona realizes it is her twin brother Jonah. He is full of rage and intent on hurting her. She wriggles loose and falls to safety on the backyard trampoline, cutting it with the nail file as she tumbles off. When Jonah jumps, he falls through to the ground, hurting his ankle. Fiona escapes by scaling the chain-link fence between her yard and the nearby elementary school.
Fiona walks through her ruined neighborhood. Empty-looking houses feature broken windows; rusty cars and garbage line the streets. The city buildings of Denver are in the distance. No green plants or vegetation grow in her surroundings, only dead plants and leafless trees remain. Fiona sees a strange paper flyer that indicates the “marked one must be alive” (9) and offering various amounts of honey in exchange for so many marks. The flyer is signed “Sincerely, Governor Jacoby Soneschen” (9). Dogs bark fiercely at her as she passes a yard where four armed men threaten her with guns. Fiona has a flashback in which she recalls her father, a retired military officer, taking her to a shooting range; she did well, and he credited her finger control to playing piano.
A woman tells the men with guns to let Fiona pass if she is not marked and reveals Fiona’s name for the first time: “Dear, Lord Almighty, that’s Fiona Tarsis. If she doesn’t have the mark of the beast, let her pass” (11). The woman is Ellen, the mother of one of Fiona’s classmates. Fiona shows that her hand is unmarked (her new tattoo covered by the concealer), and she goes on her way. One of the men with guns catches up to her; it is her old friend Jacqui in disguise, her hair cut short to look like a boy. Jacqui calls Fiona “Fo” and tells her to cut her hair and disguise her sex. She gives Fiona a few peanut butter crackers. As she passes the house, Fiona sees Ellen, Jacqui’s mother, in the backyard stroking the tops of green corn stalks with a paintbrush.
Confused, terrified, and desperate to find shelter, Fiona decides to enter an abandoned house. Dogs bark somewhere behind her and gunshots ring out from the direction of Jacqui’s house. In the darkening street, someone grabs Fiona by the arm and pulls her to a utility access hole. The stench emanating from the sewer is overpowering, but too afraid to stay on the street, Fiona follows the person into the hole.
In the sewer, Fiona realizes the person is a child. They walk in complete darkness. The child asks why Fiona is clean and if she came from behind the wall, questions Fiona does not understand. The child insists that Fiona owes a debt and that she will have to pay back double. The child asks if Fiona has food or honey, prompting another flashback: Fiona recalls planting lavender with Lissa and Jonah to attract honeybees. Lissa said that bees were endangered; their extinction threatened the food chain, but government scientists were working to prevent famine.
Fiona demands water and gets some. The child reveals that she is a girl named Arrin and that Fiona will repay her—double—the next day. Arrin warns “Fo,” as Fiona now calls herself, that if she tries to flee in the night, “the others will kiiiiiill [her]” (20), indicating that other people use the sewers as a place to survive as well.
Arrin wakes Fo and says it is time to repay her. For Fo’s safety, Arrin cuts Fo’s hair with a knife until it is close-cropped to her head except for long, shaggy bangs that cover her face. Arrin wants to know why Fo got the attention of raiders the night before, but Fo does not know. Hungry, Fo takes the crackers from her pocket. Arrin pounces on her, gobbling the crackers and saying she has not had peanut butter in two years. She gives Fo only a tiny corner of one cracker and a piece of leather to chew on. In the light of the candle, Fo sees that Arrin has a tattoo like hers, except the oval has three lines instead of 10. Fo sees her own tattoo showing through the makeup. She asks for privacy; Arrin tells her to urinate in a corner. Fo uses the concealer to cover the tattoo again, then senses someone in the tunnel nearby. Arrin calls out a threat to the person and extinguishes the candle. She wipes filth and dried sewage all over Fo’s arms, legs, and face. Arrin demands that she and Fo switch clothes; she gives Fo a piece of fabric to bind her breasts, insisting she look like a boy as much as possible. They head out through the tunnels.
Arrin tells Fo that the horrible smell and the sludge underfoot is mostly-dried human sewage. She reveals that she buried herself in it once to hide from the militia who “patrol the wall and catch Fecs for the lab” (31), in addition to shooting raiders. Fo is mystified again, and Arrin wonders aloud how it is that Fo doesn’t understand these basic ways of life. Then a man attacks them. Fo fights him off, then tries to hit him while he attacks Arrin. He stops fighting suddenly and Fo pulls Arrin away. The girls go quickly through the sewer tunnels looking for a storm drain. Fo sees a mother with three children hiding and eating worms. Arrin tells Fo that she needs help saving her nine-year-old brother, who is a Level Three, referring to the number of lines in his oval tattoo.
In the late daylight, Fo sees that Arrin is thin and young; she has a swollen eye and her lip is cut open. She says she is 13. They hide from a passing militia troupe. The men are polished-looking and wear brown uniforms. Fo realizes blood covers her hands and Arrin’s. Arrin reveals she killed the man who attacked them. They come to the militia camp where Fo sees tents and fires; the men are roasting meat on sticks, and one plays a melody on guitar that she remembers playing on piano. She also sees two prisoners against a wall at the end of the camp. Arrin tells Fo the plan to rescue her brother, whom she now says is 11. Fo tries to refuse; Arrin threatens her with her dagger; Fo relents. Arrin thanks her just before Fo runs into the camp.
Fo manages to steal meat out of the hands of two militia men and wolf some down on the run before they taser her. From the ground, she sees Arrin running away with her little brother. One of the men yells, “Stop them! […] He’s a Level Three on the verge of turning!” (45), and the men all fire at the boy. More men haul Fo to her feet and look for a tattoo. Finding none, one man with an embroidered name on his uniform, Micklemoore, tells two others to bring her to “central,” an office with electricity. Micklemoore attempts to use a small metal box to scan Fo’s hand, but she runs. She does not get far before another man, Len, tackles her. When Micklemoore scans her hand, the scanner emits an alarm and flashing lights. Micklemoore jumps away from Fo as if scared; all the other militia point their guns at her.
Micklemoore orders a militia officer named Bowen to bring cuffs. At first, Bowen speaks gently to Fo, calling her “kid” and asking for her name. As soon as the electromagnetic handcuffs are on her, though, his tone changes to rough and harsh. He presses a button on a remote control and her hands zip together under the power of the strong magnets. He puts cuffs on her lower legs in the same manner so that she cannot run. Now that she is immobilized, the men are excited and congratulate each other for catching a Level Ten, again referring to the 20 lines of Fo’s tattoo, which she still does not understand. The men drift away, but Bowen stays. He is surprised that Fo can communicate. She says she is hungry; Bowen puts a small wafer in her mouth that dissolves into the taste of a pork chop dinner. Fo sleeps, but wakes later to hear a voice asking Bowen to sell Fo for eight ounces. The conversation goes unresolved.
The first eight chapters of Stung rapidly introduce the reader to many questions and small mysteries but reveal no answers. The list of topics Fo does not understand is lengthy: the whereabouts of her parents and sister; why Jonah, her twin brother, wants to kill her; why “Fecs” must live in the sewer; and, especially, the mark on her hand—where it came from, what it means, and why she feels an instinctive need to hide it. The vocabulary of this new world is a mystery to Fo, just as it is to the reader: Fecs, the wall, raiders, militia, marks. Wiggins echoes the reader’s displacement from reality into fiction through her protagonist’s confusion; in this new world, even Fiona becomes “Fo.” Because the first-person narration from Fo’s perspective focuses on her own immediate survival, the deeper mystery about the environment is more subtly presented. For example, why do all the plants and trees look dead? Why must Ellen “paint” the corn tassels, and why are those corn stalks the only green plants Fo sees? By the end of these chapters, Fo realizes she was correct with regard to one thing: hiding the mark. Her sister’s old concealer, however, is no match for the scanner that militia officer Micklemoore uses. She is a “Level Ten”—another mysterious term—and only after Bowen cuffs her do the men lower their guns and walk away. Fo does not ask for answers to any of these questions. Instead, she decides that it is safer to listen and observe. She collects information as she comes to it and allows her observations to trigger memories in the form of flashbacks, which Wiggins uses as exposition to help the reader connect to Fo’s character and better understand the unfolding story. The flashbacks provide information about Fo’s sharpshooter abilities and the link between bees and the food chain, foreshadowing Fo’s later memories of the extinction of honeybees and the bee flu. The flashbacks are also Fo’s first link to her old life and for now, the best and safest hope she has of determining what happened to her world.
With regard to Fo’s early characterization, readers learn that in her life before, she lived in the suburbs of Denver in a two-story home and won first-place ribbons for her piano talent. She was 13 the last she remembers and the sudden fast-forward to a more physically mature, older teen girl is both jarring and mesmerizing to her. Since waking up, she has a strong survival instinct, demonstrated as she flees from her brother instead of trying to tend to him, when she leaps into the sewer without knowing what is in the dark hole, and when she fights off her attacker in the dark. She does not spend much time feeling sorry for herself; her only self-indulgent cry comes after Arrin is asleep and the dripping water reminds her of a symphony she used to play. Fo’s emotions of harsh fear, confusion, and shock are represented by her evocative language and short, staccato sentences: “And then I hear a new sound. Footsteps. Lots. Pounding against the pavement faster than my frantic heart pounds against my chest. Getting closer” (14). The effect is a rhythmic beat that contributes to the fast pace of events. In a parallel way, when memories surface, they wash over Fo in a quick wave, symbolized by the same kind of brief flashes of sentences: “Honey. I remember honey. Gold. Sweet. Melted with butter on wheat toast at breakfast. Made by bees. Bees are on the endangered species list” (17). The importance of these revelatory flashbacks becomes clear as she thinks of planting lavender with Lissa to attract and feed bees; the threatened food chain seems like nothing to worry about in these memories, however, since Fo believes that the government has things under control. This second mention of the government’s role in the story (the first is on the flyer Fo sees in the street, signed by a governor) alerts readers to pay close attention to the flashbacks for character and backstory details, engaging them in solving the same mystery Fo is trying to puzzle together.