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51 pages 1 hour read

Paula Hawkins

The Girl On The Train

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2015

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Themes

How Substance Use Disorders and Trauma Impact Memory

Rachel’s alcohol use disorder and Megan’s trauma cause issues with each woman’s memories and cognition. Tom takes advantage of the blackouts Rachel experiences when she drinks too much alcohol. Rachel describes being blackout drunk as “Total black; hours lost, never to be retrieved” (67). This state of inebriation allows Tom to fill in the missing time with the lies of his choosing. Hawkins dedicates much of Rachel’s narrative to retrieving her memories. Rachel describes the process of trying to remember:

I wait for the memory to come. Sometimes it takes a while. Sometimes it’s there in front of my eyes in seconds. Sometimes it doesn’t come at all (38).

This process defines much of Rachel’s character arc—Megan’s disappearance motivates her to try to remember rather than simply accept Tom’s lies.

Rachel’s opinions of herself and Tom change as memories come back to her. The process is multifaceted: Rachel combines many tactics, such as freewriting, visiting locations, therapy, and finally talking to someone who witnessed her actions while drunk besides Tom. One important factor in Rachel’s memory recovery is becoming addiction-free. At first, it is hard for her to go even a single day without drinking, but eventually she begins to go multiple days and—at the end of the novel—weeks without drinking. The combination of these elements helps Rachel realize the extent of Tom’s gaslighting. She thinks, “I didn’t imagine him hitting me. I remember it [...] Just like I remember the fear when I found myself on the floor next to that golf club—and I know now, I know for sure that I wasn’t the one swinging it” (271). Tom characterized Rachel as violent, but when she regains her memory, she learns that these lies were to cover up Tom’s own abuse.

While Rachel gains a stronger sense of her true self, rather than the version that Tom lied into existence, Megan learns to forgive herself. Megan endured extensive trauma and shared some of the details with the people in her life. For instance, she told Scott about the death of her brother, Ben, when she was just a teenager. However, she does not reveal the death of her child to anyone but Kamal. Megan says:

I need to tell someone, just once. Say the words out loud. If it doesn’t come out of me, it’ll eat me up. The hole inside me, the one they left, it’ll just get bigger and bigger until it consumes me (163).

Megan does not have holes in her memory like Rachel, but her traumatic losses have caused her to try to repress her feelings. It is the desire to repress the memories that causes Megan to have an affair with Tom. He feels, or lies about feeling, empty, and Megan thinks: “Hollowness: that I understand” (94). Once she talks to someone about the trauma of losing her infant by falling asleep with her in a bathtub, Megan feels more like herself—someone with a strong capacity for change. Her self-forgiveness is tied in with wanting to keep Tom’s child, even raising it alone if necessary. Her insistence on keeping the child, to keep changing, is what causes Tom to kill her.

Male Coercion Creating Conflict Between Women

A major part of Tom’s gaslighting involves pitting women in his life against each other. His lies and manipulations play into the societal construct of heterosexual women competing for a man, setting himself up as a prize to be won. In the scene where Tom confesses murdering Megan, he compares his past and current wife: “I loved you both, I really did, but you both can be incredibly weak” (298). Anna replies, “Don’t lump me in with her” (298). Tom knows Anna is sensitive to this kind of comparison. In a previous scene where Anna admits to throwing away a note Rachel left for him, Tom says, “It’s just…it’s the sort of thing she used to do” (264). The italicized pronouns set Rachel up as a kind of monster whose name should not be uttered, and this is the worst insult that Tom can use to control Anna.

While Rachel never cheats on Tom, and didn’t steal him away from a different wife, he compares her with his mistress, Megan. He says, “She could be very like you, Rach. She wouldn’t let things go” (306). This comparison is part of his confession of killing Megan. Tom spent years convincing Rachel that she does horrible things while blackout drunk. He continues to blame her for his actions, saying she is responsible for Megan’s death because she was in Witney that night. Rachel’s unwillingness to let go of Tom leaving her for Anna, Tom claims, directly led to him being unable to deal with Megan. In truth, Tom created the conflict between Anna and Rachel, as he left Rachel lost and confused due to his gaslighting.

Tom does not create the same kind of conflict between Anna and Megan, due to killing Megan. When Anna learns who Tom was having an affair with—that it was Megan and not Rachel—she thinks, “It’s odd because now I know that all this time I’ve been hating the wrong woman, and yet knowing this doesn’t make me dislike Rachel any less” (280). While Anna does exhibit contempt for Megan, especially after reading the headlines about her child’s death, these sentiments are not as powerful as her feelings about Rachel. Megan, once deceased, is no longer competition for Tom’s affections, and Anna fantasizes about Tom killing Rachel so she also cannot compete for Tom’s time and attention. Anna only fears someone who could take Tom from her—this is a large part of her motivation to call the police and assist Rachel in killing Tom. Anna refuses to compete with someone else, a new Anna.

The Desire for a Different Life

Rachel, Megan, and Anna all desire a life that differs from theirs, an idealized image of a commuting suburbanite. Rachel and Megan feel like outsiders, gazing at the so-called “normal” people. Megan thinks, “I can almost believe that there is a way to leave all this behind, lay it to rest, go home to Scott and live my life as normal people do, neither glancing over my shoulder nor desperately waiting for something better to come along. Is this what normal people do?” (214). Megan’s sense of normalcy has been shattered by her traumatic experiences. She desires contentment and safety. Unfortunately, Megan’s dream of becoming a good mother is destroyed, illustrating how the suburban dream is just that—a fantasy.

Rachel also dislikes her life, feels like an outsider, and seeks purpose. Her view of “normal” people is skewed by the abuse she’s endured. She thinks, “I turn around and walk back, striding purposefully towards home, a woman with things to do, somewhere to go. Normal. I watch the people I pass [...] and I wonder what they’re hiding [...] I’m not normal” (194). Normalcy, for Rachel, has been taken by her alcohol use disorder; it is the reason she lost her job, which gave her a sense of purpose and a place to go. The alcohol use disorder stemmed from being infertile, not being able to fulfill her goal of being a mother. Rachel, traumatized by years of abuse in suburbia, is more suspicious than Megan of suburban normalcy but also longs for contentment.

Unlike Rachel and Megan, Anna tries to present herself as the ideal suburban wife and mother. When struggling with her daughter, Evie, Anna thinks, “I know this is normal. I keep telling myself this while I’m trying to get egg yolk out of my hair, while I’m crawling around on the floor picking up spoons and upturned bowls. I keep telling myself this is normal” (233). Motherhood is idealized in the picture of the perfect suburban wife, not portrayed as messy and frustrating. Tom cheating on Anna with Megan, and pitting Anna against Rachel, also shatters the picture of the ideal family. All the women long for a life that doesn’t exist. Rather, suburbia is a broken, dystopian place, far from the dream of domestic life. 

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