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52 pages 1 hour read

Kristin Harmel

The Paris Daughter

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2023

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Part 1, Chapters 1-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary: “September 1939”

Content Warning: This section of the guide deals with themes related to the Nazi occupation of Paris during WWII, child loss, the Holocaust, war and its traumatic effects, concentration camps, extermination camps, antisemitism, intense racism, sexism, and genocide. The novel offers a depiction of WWII Paris that is sometimes inaccurate and papers over issues of genocide, fascism, and antisemitism.

Elise LeClair is an American-born artist married to the famous French painter Olivier LeClair. She is currently living in Paris and is pregnant with their first child. She attempts to sketch the birds in her local park to use as a reference for her preferred medium of wood sculpture but is frustrated and unsatisfied with her efforts. When she stands to leave she is arrested by a sharp pain in her abdomen that later turns out to be false contractions. Juliette Foulon, also heavily pregnant, sees Elise’s distress as she passes by. She introduces herself and her two young sons, Claude and Alphonse, then insists that Elise return home with her to seek medical attention just in case.

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary

Juliette has always been the type of person to help those in need; she first met her beloved husband, Paul Foulon, when she approached him to request help in saving an injured bird. Juliette is also particularly inclined to help Elise because she sees aiding another pregnant woman as a potential avenue of redemption to assuage some of the guilt she feels over the death of her infant daughter, Antoinette. The women realize they are both originally from America, and Juliette welcomes Elise into the bookshop she and her husband own, La Librairie des Rêves, while her husband leaves to fetch a doctor.

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary

The doctor arrives, examines Elise, and concludes the pain is just false contractions likely exacerbated by dehydration. Although still overcome with pain, Elise is reassured, and she soon recovers. She loves La Librairie des Rêves and enjoys Juliette’s friendly companionship before leaving to return home. She spends several hours carving a sculpture of birds taking flight, and only when she finishes does she notice with a sense of unease and foreboding that her husband Olivier is still not home. When Olivier does eventually appear, he is uncharacteristically bedraggled and informs her Hitler invaded Poland and that France is at war.

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary

Juliette reacts with apprehension to the news of war. Both her father and Paul served in the First World War; her father died, and Paul suffered so acutely that he has never been able to tell her about it. Elise returns frequently to visit Juliette to discuss current events and enjoy the atmosphere of the bookshop. The friendship between her and Juliette grows, and she is introduced to Juliette’s friend and frequent customer, Ruth Levy. Ruth is a Jewish widow and an immigrant from Germany with two young children named George and Suzanne. She is very afraid of the hardships war might bring. Juliette’s children are afraid after overhearing the adults’ conversations, but Juliette reassures them everything is fine.

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary

With the advent of war, Olivier becomes more involved in political activities, which makes Elise worry. He is a staunch communist, and his latest series of paintings feature overtly communist imagery, which Elise fears might see him targeted should they come to light. Elise feels excluded from Olivier’s social and artistic circles because she is a woman and feels Olivier resents her artistic skill. They first met when Olivier, already a famous and successful artist, visited New York. Elise admired him and was flattered by his attention, and Olivier encouraged her to forego sculpting with clay in favor of sculpting wood. They began a relationship, and when Olivier returned to Paris at the end of his trip, Elise went with him.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary

Elise continues to visit Juliette at La Librairie des Rêves with increasing frequency. Juliette informs Elise she plans to name her own baby Lucie, as she is certain it will be a girl. On the anniversary of Antoinette’s death, Ruth offers to mind the bookstore and Juliette’s sons so Juliette is free to spend the day mourning. At the cemetery, Juliette finds Paul already at Antoinette’s grave, weeping. He buried his own grief to stay strong for Juliette, but Juliette finds it cathartic to mourn together and feels as though sharing their grief reinforces her love for her husband.

Part 1, Chapters 1-6 Analysis

The Paris Daughter is written in the third person, with short chapters that focus on the perspective of either Juliette or Elise. These opening chapters rapidly establish the setting of the novel, its primary themes, as well as the most important characters.

The two protagonists, Juliette and Elise, are foils of each other; the similarities and differences between their personalities and experiences provide deeper insight into their respective characters. A major difference between the two women is their marriages; whereas Juliette and Paul clearly share a harmonious partnership and a strong bond of mutual respect, Elise and Olivier are frequently at odds, with resentment festering on both sides of the union. Ruth, a widow herself, also functions as a tertiary foil to the two protagonists. Her experiences as a Jewish immigrant from Germany provide a glimpse into the wider context of life in Europe for those who have already suffered under the Nazi regime and those who must face the war without Elise and Juliette’s positions of relative privilege. While Juliette retains her optimism and Elise is focused on her own personal life, Ruth’s insight into current affairs provides the reader with a forewarning of the conflict to come. These characters speak to Trauma and Its Impact on Memory, as their individual stories weave together to show the complete, collective picture of life before the war. Personal stories combine to create a shared portrait of familial and friendship structures leading up to WWII, and several characters will grapple with their recollections of this time later in the novel. 

Elise is introduced in the act of creating art, too, establishing the importance that her identity as an artist has to her characterization and highlighting The Role of Art in Fate and Identity. Elise is also pregnant, a state she shares with Juliette who is already the mother of two young sons and a deceased daughter. This establishes the theme of Mothers, Daughters, and Maternal Responsibility and Identity, as well as the undercurrent of tragedy that remains throughout the novel. The advent of war is presented alongside the births of Mathilde and Lucie, showing how omnipresent the war and its effects will be through the early lives of the girls. Juliette has already experienced the trauma of losing a child, and her frequent remembrance of Antoinette is an early nod to the theme of Trauma and Its Impact on Memory. Juliette’s clear reliance on the surviving members of her family to cope with the grief foreshadows her inability to survive losing them all without relying on the fantasy of Lucie’s survival and the delusion of Paul’s continued presence. The novel juxtaposes Elise and Juliette to show the differences between them and the way that they view motherhood and their maternal responsibilities. Juliette is completely defined by motherhood and later, when she loses her children, relies on delusions of them to continue surviving. In contrast, Elise is an artist and also defines her identity through the creative process. Art gives Elise a purpose outside of the family unit and will be important to her later in the novel when she comes to rely on it to cope with her grief.

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