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Anne RiceA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
While the worlds of humans and vampires are, in theory, supposed to be more or less separate, Lestat’s longing to remain connected to human society begins to blur the boundaries between the mortal and immortal realms. Lestat is, above all else, a performer, and his desire to perform comes in conflict with the rules regarding the secret of vampirism. Lestat’s performing of vampirism in turn reveals the performative aspects of humanity, with the text exploring various facets of the nature of performance and role-playing.
The importance of performance first appears in Lestat’s human life. While he is human, Lestat performs with a traveling troupe of actors as a teen and in Renaud’s theater in Paris as an adult. Lestat is obsessed with performing; Nicolas says to him, “No matter what we’re talking about you bring it back to the theaters and the actors” (51). Against Lestat’s wishes, both of these gigs are cut short—his family forces him to leave the traveling troupe, and Magnus makes Lestat a vampire right after his big premiere at Renaud’s. When Lestat returns to Renaud’s as a vampire, he can perform feats that are impossible for many humans: “[M]y body could bend and contort like that of an acrobat” (124). Vampirism can be concealed on the stage—it is perceived as stagecraft and illusions, even though what Lestat is doing is real. Lestat’s “performance” as a vampire on stage is thus, paradoxically, his way of revealing his true self, but the audience fails to recognize the authenticity.
However, Lestat wants to be known as a vampire. Lestat performs vampirism in an aristocratic and romantic fashion like the famous vampires from literature, trying to conform to what humans expect his role to be. He styles himself as “Gentleman Death” (229) and enjoys the “romance to rising from the grave” (337). He generally sleeps in a coffin for the sake of aesthetics. When he and Gabrielle hide out in a church and must face the congregation, Lestat says, “We are going out. But we shall do it like proper vampires, do you hear!” (193, emphasis added). For many years, he is able to perform vampirism in the style he enjoys. However, after he is burned by Lestat and Claudia he “became the very antithesis of the romantic demon, bringing terror rather than rapture” (502). He becomes a hermit, unwilling to perform.
Lestat’s performances as a vampire highlight how much of being a human is performing various roles. The desire to perform itself, Lestat argues, is a human quality. It is his “mortal part, the vanity of wanting to perform” (528). His love of being on stage makes him more human than other vampires. Furthermore, human theater kids, or “theatrical types” (529), frequent vampire bars. They are attracted to the performative aspects of vampirism, which further blurs the differences between the two.
Ultimately, the performance of vampirism is performing the most extreme aspects of humanity. As Lestat muses, “Maybe I was not the exotic outcast that I had imagined, but merely the dim magnification of every human soul” (494, emphasis added). Thus, while Lestat is different from other vampires in his desire to be seen and known, the text suggests that vampires and humans may not be so different in their role-playing after all.
The Vampire Lestat explores the tensions between good and evil as Lestat navigates his new life as a vampire. While Lestat tries to cling to human values by maintaining a sense of what is good, he soon discovers that most other vampires have embraced an ideal of evil, which creates a significant conflict between Lestat and the rest of the vampire world.
Lestat is notable even during his human life for his interest in the tensions between good and evil. As a young man, he has many debates with Nicolas about goodness. Nicolas, who represents a more nihilistic and cynical attitude toward good and evil, scoffs at Lestat’s moral dilemmas, calling him “God’s fool” for wanting to “try to live like a good man” (264). Nicolas believes he is evil and behaves as such. He makes art because he likes making it, not for the adoration of an audience or to reveal himself. Lestat, on the other hand, believes beautiful art—like Nicolas’s music—is inherently good and promotes more goodness in the world. As Lestat says, “I do not think I could go on if I did not believe in the possibility of goodness” (72). He wants to do good by defeating evil and creating art.
Once he becomes a vampire, Lestat realizes that most other vampires embrace an ideal of evil. The Children of Darkness are the most extreme example of this, as they willingly see themselves as agents of evil and vow open allegiance to Satan. When Lestat takes a stand against them, the coven is thrown into chaos and dissolved, which suggests that their perpetuation of evil rests upon conformity and unthinking wrongdoing, whereas Lestat’s rebellion represents a conscious commitment to what is good. Gabrielle also embraces an ideal of evil, arguing that vampires should “[m]ake suffering and chaos wherever [they] turn, and strike down the forces of good so that men despair. Now that is something worthy of being called evil. That is what the work of a devil really is” (334). Gabrielle’s rejection of human society and human values creates tension between her and Lestat, as Lestat cannot bring himself to renounce humanity even for the sake of his mother.
As the narrative continues, however, it is implied that earlier vampires may have been committed to goodness just as Lestat is. When Marius talks about his turning with the God of the Grove, the God explicitly warns him to only feed upon the blood of evildoers, just as Lestat instinctively tries to do once he becomes a vampire. At the novel’s end, the growing tensions over Lestat’s exposing of vampire secrets causes further rifts in the vampire world and reawakens Akasha, which suggests that the battle between good and evil will continue in subsequent books of the series.
Throughout The Vampire Lestat, the arts appear in various forms, such as music, theatre, and painting. As with the tensions between good and evil, there is a marked divide between the characters who embrace the importance of the arts, and those who dismiss or actively reject it. Throughout the novel, the arts are important in maintaining and promoting ideals of humanity and beauty.
Vampires who maintain a connection with the arts manage to maintain a closer connection to humanity and human feeling than the vampires who reject the arts. Marius finds human activities and movements beautiful, and even as a vampire, he remains committed to creating art and remaining close to human society. He moves from being a scholar and chronicler during his human life to being a painter once he becomes a vampire. Marius becomes one of the “devils who paint angels” (310), mimicking humanity in the creation of his murals. Lestat also remains committed to his music even after becoming a vampire. He uses his violin music as a means of connecting with Akasha, and the music causes her to rise, sing, and offer her blood to Lestat. In a similar manner, when Lestat goes underground to sleep after Louis and Claudia’s attack, it is music that revives him. He regains his desire to be among humans when he hears the band Satan’s Night Out playing, which leads to his reconnection with human society. By contrast, the Children of Darkness have rules against making art because they think vampires should not behave like humans. Their rejection of art mirrors their rejection of human society and its moral values, leading them to embrace their status as evildoers. The influence of the coven’s thinking appears in Armand’s personal transformation, as while Armand initially loved making art with Marius, he also rejects art once he joins the coven. It is only by breaking apart the coven and convincing some of the vampires to become actors that Lestat manages to persuade them to adopt a more humanized and moral way of living.
At the end of the novel, Lestat’s rock career in the 1980s once again enables his connection with human society. In using music as a means of bridging the vampire and human worlds, Lestat attempts to break down the barriers once and for all and to thereby end the secrecy of the vampire realm. His great success, and his human fans’ desire to connect with him in turn, suggests that art’s power to unite is greater than the forces of secrecy and oppression, for both mortals and immortals alike.
By Anne Rice